Both と (to) and や ( ya ) connect nouns the way ” and ” in English does. Using と is for a list of all items, while や is for a sample of representative items. ” There are noun1 ‘ ya ‘ noun2 ” means “there are noun1, noun2, and other things.”
③テーブルの上にりんごやみかんなどがあります。
Sometimes you can add など ( nado ) after the last noun. など ( nado ) means etc., so you can emphasize that there are more items.